Bipolar disorder drugs medications, manic depressive disorder, manic depression, T075

Bipolar disorder drugs medications, manic depressive disorder, manic depression,

 

Bipolar DRUG En 8P ◆.docx

0.02MB

 

* Lithium;;

Lithium goes by the generic names lithium carbonate, which comes as capsules and tablets, and lithium citrate, which comes as a liquid. There are several brand names, such as Eskalith, Eskalith CR, and Lithobid.

Lithium works in the brain to help stabilize moods. Doctors may prescribe it to help treat bipolar disorder or acute mania.

dosage is usually 600–1,800 milligrams (mg) of lithium carbonate daily.

 

Doctors have prescribed lithium to treat bipolar disorder for decades, despite the range of possible side effects. These can include:

- nausea,

- shaking,

- dry mouth,

- frequent urination,

- diarrhea,

- weight gain,

- increased thirst,

- loss of appetite,

- kidney damage,

- reduced thyroid activity,

- fatigue,

- emotional numbness or a “dull” feeling,

 

It is essential for people taking lithium to stay hydrated. This keeps lithium levels in the blood from becoming toxic. A doctor monitors these levels regularly.

 

Signs of lithium toxicity, or too much lithium in the blood, include:

- trouble concentrating,

- confusion,

- fatigue,

- vomiting,

- diarrhea,

- poor coordination,

- muscle weakness, twitching, and tremors,

- irregular heart rhythm,

- seizures,

If anyone has symptoms of lithium toxicity, call 911 or the local emergency number. Lithium overdoses can result in coma and death.

 

doctor also monitors levels of creatine in the blood to ensure that the kidneys are handling the drug well. Creatinine is a waste product that the kidneys create.

When blood creatinine levels are high, it is often a sign that the kidneys are not working correctly.

--------------------------------------

* Anticonvulsant medications;;

Anticonvulsants treat conditions that cause seizures, but they can also help manage mania and bipolar disorder.

Doctors often refer to anticonvulsants that treat bipolar disorder as “mood stabilizers.”

 

They may prescribe the following anticonvulsants(항경련제) for bipolar disorder:

- divalproex sodium (Depakote)

- lamotrigine (Lamictal)

- valproic acid (Depakene)

- carbamazepine (Equetro)

- topiramate (Topamax)

 

Some of the most common side effects of anticonvulsant(항경련제) medications include:

- nausea

- shaking

- weight gain

- dizziness

- drowsiness

- blurred vision

- decreased white blood cell or platelet count

- dry mouth

- skin rashes

 

Topiramate(토피라메이트, 항경련제) may have different or additional side effects, including:

- 이 약은 간질을 앓고 있는 사람에서 나타나는 특정한 종류의 발작을 치료하기 위해 사용되는 약물이다.  또한 레녹스-가스토 증후군을 가진 사람에게서 나타나는 발작을 조절하기 위한 목적으로도 사용된다.

- 편두통을 예방하는 목적으로도 사용되나 이미 발생한 편두통에 대해서는 발생 후에 약물을 복용하여도 편두통이 감소하지는 않는다.

- weight loss,

- memory problems,

- emotional numbness or a “dull” feeling,

- kidney stones,

Also, lamotrigine can sometimes cause a rash that requires medical attention.

 

Doctors may not prescribe valproic acid to anyone who is pregnant, as it may causeTrusted Source some congenital abnormalities.

-----------------------------

* Antipsychotic medications, 항(抗)정신병 약 ;;

Doctors typically prescribe antipsychotic medications to treat schizophrenia.

However, antipsychotics can also help manageTrusted Source bipolar disorder, especially when periods of psychosis occur during severe depression or mania.

doctor may prescribe an antipsychotic drug “off-label” to help manage bipolar disorder. This means that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not approved the use of this drug for this purpose.

 

However, a few antipsychotics do have FDA approval to treat bipolar disorder, including:

- olanzapine (Zyprexa)

- risperidone (Risperdal)

- quetiapine (Seroquel)

- asenapine (Saphris)

- aripiprazole (Abilify)

- ziprasidone (Geodon)

 

Some possible side effects of antipsychotic medications include:

- drowsiness and sedation,

- dry mouth,

- shaking,

- increased appetite,

- weight gain,

- constipation,

- low blood pressure,

- restlessness,

- increased saliva,

- reduced libido or sexual dysfunction,

 

Asenapine can cause numbness of the mouth and a strange taste in the mouth.

ziprasidone may cause heart problems.

-----------------------------------

Antidepressant medications 항우울제, 항우울증 약 ;;

Antidepressants can help manage the symptoms of bipolar depression, though their efficacy is still being researchedTrusted Source. They work by acting on brain chemicals called neurotransmitters.

 

a person who takes antidepressants to help treat bipolar disorder also needs to take a mood stabilizer to prevent the risk of mania.

 

One medication, called Symbyax, is a mix of both an antidepressant, fluoxetine, and an antipsychotic, olanzapine. This can help treat depression while also stabilizing mood.

 

There are several classes of antidepressant, each of which targets a different neurotransmitter or set of neurotransmitters. FDA has NOT approved specific antidepressants to treat bipolar disorder, so any prescription may be off-label.

--------------------------------------

Some classes of antidepressants that may reduce symptoms of bipolar disorder include:

- 세로토닌과 노르에피네프린 재흡수 억제제, SNRIs (Serotonin and Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors)

- levomilnacipran (Fetzima)

- duloxetine (Cymbalta, Yentreve)

- venlafaxine (Effexor)

 

SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) 선택적세로토닌재흡수억제제 ;;

- citalopram (Celexa)

- fluvoxamine (Luvox)

- escitalopram (Lexapro)

- fluoxetine (Prozac)

- paroxetine (Paxil)

- sertraline (Zoloft)

-------------------------------

Tricyclics and tetracyclics,

3환계 항울제(抗鬱劑) 와4환계 항울제(抗鬱劑)

- clomipramine (Anafranil)

- amitriptyline (Elavil)

- desipramine (Norpramin)

- imipramine (Tofranil)

- nortriptyline (Pamelor)

 

MAOIs (Monoamine oxidase inhibitors)

모노아민 산화 효소 억제제(~酸化酵素抑制劑)

- phenelzine (Nardil)

- tranylcypromine (Parnate)

 

Each group of antidepressants and each specific drug can have different side effects. Some of the most side effects of antidepressants include:

- sexual dysfunction,

- dizziness,

- insomnia,

- sleepiness,

- dry mouth,

- agitation, anxiety, and nervousness,

- weight gain,

- low blood pressure,

 

Antianxiety medications 항불안제,

 

A doctor may prescribe antianxiety medication, such as a benzodiazepine, for short-term use. These can also help with sleep.

Doctors typically do not prescribe these drugs for long periods due to the risk of tolerance and dependence.

Examples include:

- diazepam (Valium)

- alprazolam (Xanax)

- clonazepam (Klonopin)

-------------------------------

Other management tools;;

Doctors often prescribe medications as the first line of treatment for bipolar disorder.

Some people find that other approaches, including some self-care strategies, help manage their condition.

 

Some additional ways to help manage bipolar disorder include:

- psychotherapy,

- exercising regularly,

- having a healthy sleep schedule,

- eating a nutrient-dense, balanced diet,

- using relaxation or mindfulness techniques,

- reducing or avoiding alcohol use,

 

Side effects of medications for bipolar disorder;;

Each medication can cause side effects. These vary from drug to drug and class to class.

 

For example, side effects of antipsychotics can include:

- drowsiness,

- lack of emotion,

- anxiety,

- dry mouth,

- weight gain,

 

Lithium, one of the most commonly prescribed mood stabilizers, can cause:

- thirst,

- excessive urination,

- nausea,

- diarrhea,

- tremor,

- weight gain,

- cognitive issues,

- kidney and thyroid issues,

 

Some of the side effects may go away within a few days or weeks, while others may last longer.

 

정신병에는 약이 없으니 약은 무조건 먹지 말아야하고,,,

시간조절, 양 조절, 음식과 함께 먹는건 개소리 bollocks 일뿐이다.

healthcare professional may be able to describe ways of reducing side effects, such as taking medications at different times of day or with food.

 

정신병 의사가 약을 처방해서 사람을 망치는데 의사와 상담을 하라고?

Always consult a doctor about any severe, concerning, or persistent side effects.

They may modify the dosage or recommend a different treatment.

 

It may take several weeks for most medications to work.

Let the doctor know if any treatment is still not reducing the symptoms.

정신병 약은 안먹으면 되는것,

 

Finding the right medication can be a slow, frustrating process, but it is best to speak with a doctor before ending the treatment. a person should also let a doctor know if they have missed more than one or two doses.

---------------------------------

Takeaway;;

Several types of medication can effectively treat bipolar disorder. Each can cause side effects, however.

Many mild or moderate side effects may go away within the first weeks or months.

But if side effects are concerning or bothersome, speak with the doctor.

 

If any side effect seems dangerous, contact emergency services. Some medications,

especially lithium-based drugs, can cause complications that require urgent care.

 

Seek emergency care if any of the following arise:

- severe or sudden changes of any kind

- muscle weakness, a tremor, or a twitch

- trouble concentrating

- confusion

- severe rash

- jaundice, which is yellowing of the skin or the whites of the eyes

- irregular heartbeat or other heart-related symptoms

- fever

- thoughts of suicide

- hallucinations, such as hearing voices that are not there

 

음식과 운동이 약, 아래는 개소리 bollocks,

In many cases, finding the right treatment requires patience and trial-and-error approach. Combining drug-based treatment with other methods, such as psychotherapy and stress-management techniques, can reduce symptoms and improve the quality of life.